W Bailie

MODRE POLE, SLOVAKIA 2004
Warren R Bailie BA Honours

The Excavation

This Grampus archaeological project was concerned with the excavation of a hillfort near Mrazovee in North east Slovakia. The aim of the excavation was to verify documentary records about the existence of fortification in the late Medieval period known as Bluefield Castle (Modre Pole in Slovakian). The fortifications took the form of 3 banks and ditches on the west side and 2 on the north side. The trenches were set out on the North and West side of the hill running down slope from the plateau that was the top of the fortification. The North trench (trench 1) measured approximately 16m in length reaching the break of slope of the second bank on that side. The West trench (trench 2) measured around 30 m in length and covered 2 of the banks and ditches on that side.

Although my time was spent almost solely in trench 1, there were occasions (especially in the last 2 weeks) when I aided others on site in their respective areas. The slopes on Modre Pole were so steep at some points that they warranted extreme care. These same slopes also raised issues when trying to accurately plan the trenches. However it is in situations like this that an individual will learn the most. When you have had to persevere with the excavation of a site of such extreme topographic nature any task before you in the future will surely seem less daunting. I personally have gained valuable experience in the practical side of excavating and realised the necessity for teamwork and camaraderie when participating in such a venture.

During my time in Slovakia I have improved my understanding of a number of specific skills. Refresher lessons in levelling, sectioning, planning and Harris' matrices and stratigraphic relationships were all beneficial. In particular my time in trench 1 involved the resolution of the complex stratigraphy of multiple ditch fills. Soil formation processes also had to be considered when interpreting the stratigraphic relationships of the layers and of course any finds arising. Finds included late medieval pottery (15th 16th Century) and some prehistoric (Chalcolithic approx. 2500 BC) pottery and flint from the bottom layers of the ditch.

The findings of the excavation showed that this hillfort could not have been the Bluefield castle due to the absence of masonry structures, but instead the site represented a defensive settlement of a similar period but of lower status. The finding of the prehistoric pottery at lower levels, at least in trench 1, showed that there is a possibility of this hill was originally modified over 4000 years ago. This is particularly significant in this region as very little evidence of this kind has been found to date.

Cultural Activities

Slovakia, and in particular the North east is one of the most picturesque areas of the world. Many people live the simple life there and they are better people for it. The people made the stay there all the more pleasurable. All the trips organised for us were exceptional. They ranged from areas of natural beauty such as the High Tatras and the Slovakia paradise hike, to the historical such as Levoce medieval village and Spisske castle. Other trips to small town museums and local towns for evenings out were equally enjoyable. World War 2 has particular resonance here and there were a number of monuments to commemorate a trying time for Slovakia to say the least. It was very touching to see these monuments as they reflect many abhorrent tragedies from the not too distant past.

Although not in Slovakia itself, Aushwitz and Berkenhau concentration camps were a worthwhile visit. On our weekend to Krakov in Poland most of us went to pay our respects at the renowned prison camp where many war time prisoners were maltreated and wrongly lost their lives. The sights, the smells and the stories I took in on that visit are things that I do not think will ever leave me, a sad but memorable day.

Summary

Our guide in Stropkov (10 miles from site) was Miroslav Knezo, a man who has a passion for not only his region and his country but for the appeasement of very fussy British people. His patience was inexhaustible as he aimed to make our stay in Slovakia one to remember, which he did. Personally I cannot recall a more rewarding experience in my 27 year life. I would welcome the opportunity to return to Slovakia as I enjoyed my stay there so much.

In terms of career prospects, I think this volunteer excavation will show commercial archaeology companies that I have a real enthusiasm for the profession. Incidentally, after forwarding an updated CV mentioning the Slovakia excavation to local firms after returning; I have secured employment as a field archaeologist commencing on the 1st November.

The experience I have acquired from this excavation will I'm sure benefit me in the future. In archaeology it is a bad thing to work behind closed doors; it is inadequate to simply concentrate on what you know best. Studying different cultural variations allows the individual to compare styles and developments within different periods in a wider context. I feel this is the paramount advantage of participating in this excavation; attaining an appreciation for a completely different culture both archaeologically and at the present day.

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